{"id":9350,"date":"2026-09-28T13:21:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T11:21:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atb.law\/?post_type=blog-post&#038;p=9350"},"modified":"2026-09-30T09:55:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T07:55:30","slug":"koristenje-mobilnog-telefona-za-kradu-novca-nije-dozvoljeno-a-odgovornost-za-neovlastene-bankovne-transakcije-je-na-vama","status":"publish","type":"blog-post","link":"https:\/\/atb.law\/hr\/blog-post\/handy-diebstahl-nicht-autorisierte-banktransaktionen-haftung\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobitel ukraden, provjere izvr\u0161ene: Kada odgovara banka?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 dir=\"auto\" id=\"page-der-fall-zahlungen-und-kreditabschlusse-nach-handy-diebstahl\"><strong>Prvi slu\u010daj:<\/strong> <strong>Platne transakcije i otkazivanja kreditnih kartica nakon kra\u0111e mobitela<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Neki potro\u0161a\u010d je tijekom boravka u inozemstvu izgubio svoj pametni telefon. Ure\u0111aj je bio za\u0161ti\u0107en posebnim kodom i Face ID-om. Prijavljeni je odmah prijavio kra\u0111u svojoj banci i zatra\u017eio blokadu svog ra\u010duna te svih povezanih platnih sredstava.<\/p>\n<p>Ipak, u kratkom vremenu u ime kupca su sklopljeni nekoliko ugovora o kreditu i otpla\u0107ivanju rata. Istodobno, na razli\u010ditim lokacijama izvr\u0161eno je mno\u0161tvo visokih pla\u0107anja. Nakon obavijesti o blokadi i izri\u010ditog povla\u010denja neovla\u0161tenih financijskih proizvoda, dodatni iznosi su tako\u0111er tere\u0107eni s ra\u010duna.<\/p>\n<p>Osim pitanja je li pojedini postupci bili autorizirani, posebno se postavlja i sljede\u0107e pitanje: nije li sigurnosni sustav banke ve\u0107 trebao upozoriti na ovaj neobi\u010dan model transakcije?<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-nicht-autorisierte-zahlungsvorgange-die-bank-muss-grundsatzlich-erstatten\"><strong>Naru\u0161ene pla\u0107anja: Banka mora u principu vratiti novac<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Platni postupak je ovla\u0161ten samo ako to odobri korisnica ili korisnik ra\u010duna. Ako takva suglasnost ne postoji, rije\u010d je o neovla\u0161tenom pla\u0107anju.<\/p>\n<p>Prema \u00a7 67 ZaDiG 2018, banka mora u principu odmah, najkasnije do kraja sljede\u0107eg radnog dana nakon saznanja ili obavijesti, vratiti iznos nepravovremenog pla\u0107anja. Ra\u010dun mora biti u principu u stanju u kojem bi bio bez neovla\u0161tenog tere\u0107enja.<\/p>\n<p>Banka snosi teret dokazivanja da je postupak pla\u0107anja bio pravilno autentiziran, evidentiran i evidentiran u knjizi knjigovodstva. Me\u0111utim, ono \u0161to je od klju\u010dne va\u017enosti jest: sama uporaba platnog sredstva ili provjera sigurnosti ne mogu samostalno dokazati da je klijent zapravo autorizirao pla\u0107anje.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-wann-haftet-der-kontoinhaber-selbst\"><strong>Kada sam osobno odgovoran za \u0161tetu?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Privatnost ne postoji automatski samo zato \u0161to je pametni telefon ili kartica ukradeni.<\/p>\n<p>Ako je doti\u010dna osoba lako povrijedila svoje obveze pa\u017enje, u principu se mo\u017ee uzeti u obzir samoprihvatni od\u0161tetni iznos od do 50,00 EUR. Vi\u0161e od toga obi\u010dno zahtijeva da je osoba po\u010dinila namjerno ili te\u0161ke gre\u0161ke u pona\u0161anju.<\/p>\n<p>Postoji li te\u0161ka nepa\u017enja ovisi uvijek o okolnostima pojedina\u010dnog slu\u010daja. Relevantno mo\u017ee biti, na primjer, jesu li pristupni podaci bili otvoreno dostupni, jesu li upozorenja za za\u0161titu podataka ignorirana, jesu li sigurnosni kodovi preneseni tre\u0107im osobama ili je kra\u0111a bila ne prijavljena unato\u010d informiranosti.<\/p>\n<p>S druge strane, individualni kod ure\u0111aja, biometrijski zaklju\u010davanje kao \u0161to je Face ID te trenutno obavje\u0161\u0107ivanje banke i mobilnog operatera ukazuju na to da je doti\u010dna osoba ispunila svoje osnovne obveze za\u0161tite i obavje\u0161\u0107ivanja.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-banken-mussen-auffallige-transaktionen-erkennen\"><strong>Banke moraju prepoznati neobi\u010dne transakcije<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Banke se ne smiju ograni\u010diti na to da tehnolo\u0161ki uspje\u0161no prijavu ili odobrenje smatraju dovoljnim dokazom za legitimnu transakciju.<\/p>\n<p>Prema europskim propisima, pru\u017eatelji platnih usluga moraju ugraditi mehanizme za pra\u0107enje transakcija koji mogu prepoznati prijevare ili neovla\u0161tene pla\u0107anja. Ta se sustava moraju temeljiti na uobi\u010dajenom pona\u0161anju korisnika u vezi s pla\u0107anjem i moraju prepoznati vidljive odstupanja.<\/p>\n<p>To ne zna\u010di da se svaka neobi\u010dna transakcija mora automatski odbiti. Me\u0111utim, \u0161to je vi\u0161e upozorenja istovremeno, to je vjerojatnije da \u0107e banka provesti dodatne provjere, zadr\u017eati transakciju, privremeno zaustaviti njezino izvr\u0161avanje ili blokirati ra\u010dun ili pojedina\u010dne instrumente pla\u0107anja.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-bei-welchen-warnsignalen-musste-die-bank-alarm-schlagen\"><strong>Pri kojim znakovima upozorenja bi banka trebala uzvratiti alarmom?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ocjena ovisi uvijek o pojedina\u010dnom slu\u010daju. \u0160to vi\u0161e neobi\u010dnih \u010dimbenika istovremeno postoji, ve\u0107a je vjerojatnost da \u0107e banka provjeriti transakciju, uvesti dodatne sigurnosne mjere ili privremeno obustaviti izvr\u0161enje naloga.<\/p>\n<p>Odgovaraju\u0107e upozoravaju\u0107a znaka mogu biti osobito sljede\u0107a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">neobi\u010dno visoke iznose koji se znatno razlikuju od dosada\u0161njeg pona\u0161anja u pogledu pla\u0107anja;<\/li>\n<li>broj pla\u0107anja u vrlo kratkom vremenu;<\/li>\n<li>vi\u0161e novih primatelja ili trgovaca, posebno ako do sada nisu izvr\u0161ene sli\u010dne pla\u0107anja;<\/li>\n<li>neobi\u010dni geografski obrasci, na primjer iznenadna upotreba u nekom drugom dr\u017eavi ili na vi\u0161e lokacija udaljenih od jedne druge;<\/li>\n<li>otvaranje novih proizvoda za financiranje, kreditiranje ili pla\u0107anje rata neposredno prije ili tijekom o\u010ditih pla\u0107anja;<\/li>\n<li>novi ili neobi\u010dno kori\u0161teni krajnji ure\u0111aj, promijenjena IP adresa ili druge odstupanja pri pristupu;<\/li>\n<li>podaci o ve\u0107 prijavljenim slu\u010dajevima gubitka, kra\u0111e ili prijevara;<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">poznati obrasci prijevare ili \u010destice u pogledu primatelja pla\u0107anja.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Pri pojavi takvih \u010dimbenika samovoljan formalni upu\u0107ivanje na uspje\u0161nu registraciju nije dovoljan. Efektivan sustav upravljanja prijevarama mora prepoznati vidljive odstupanja od dosada\u0161njeg pona\u0161anja kupaca i odgovaraju\u0107e reagirati na njih.<\/p>\n<p>Sudska praksa je ve\u0107 jasno utvrdila da o\u010dekivanje da se u kratkom vremenu uo\u010de brojni visoki i neuobi\u010dajeni prijenosi novca ne predstavlja prekora\u010denje obveze pa\u017enje prema banci.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-was-muss-die-bank-bei-einem-auffalligen-transaktionsmuster-tun\"><strong>\u0160to banka mora u\u010diniti u slu\u010daju neuobi\u010dajenog obrasca transakcija?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Funkcionalan sustav upravljanja prijevarama mo\u017ee \u2013 ovisno o riziku \u2013 izazvati razli\u010dite reakcije. To uklju\u010duje, na primjer:<\/p>\n<ul data-spread=\"false\">\n<li>\n<p>dodatna autentifikacija koja nadilazi uobi\u010dajeni login;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>odgoda ili privremena zadr\u017eavanje transakcije;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>vra\u0107anje upita klijentu o sigurnom i neovisnom komunikacijskom kanalu;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>ograni\u010denje dodatnih pla\u0107anja ili blokiranje pojedinih sredstava za pla\u0107anje;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>manu\u00e1lna provjera od strane odjela za sprje\u010davanje prijevara; ili<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>odmah i potpunu zabranu kori\u0161tenja ako je ve\u0107 prijavljen slu\u010daj kra\u0111e ili zlouporabe.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Va\u017eno je da banka nema samo tehni\u010dki kontrolni sustav. On tako\u0111er mora biti sposoban za otkrivanje zna\u010dajnih anomalija. U slu\u010daju vi\u0161e velikih pla\u0107anja, novih kreditnih proizvoda i izvanrednog obrasca kori\u0161tenja stranih sredstava, mo\u017ee biti potrebno provesti detaljniju analizu.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-verlustmeldung-und-sperre-ab-diesem-zeitpunkt-muss-weiterer-missbrauch-verhindert-werden\"><strong>Obavijest o gubitku i blokada: Od tog trenutka mora se sprije\u010diti daljnji neovla\u0161teni rad<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Ako primijetite gubitak ili kra\u0111u pametnog telefona, kartice ili podataka za pristup, trebali biste odmah obavijestiti banku i izri\u010dito zatra\u017eiti blokiranje svih relevantnih platnih sredstava.<\/p>\n<p>Nakon takve prijave banka ima posebno jasno obavezu: daljnje kori\u0161tenje mora se u\u010dinkovito sprije\u010diti. Ako se unato\u010d jasnoj obavijesti o blokadi i dalje odobravaju transakcije ili tere\u0107enja, to je pravno posebno problemati\u010dno.<\/p>\n<p>To vrijedi osobito ako banka i nakon zabrane nastavlja napla\u0107ivati rate prema ugovorima \u010diji je sklapanje izri\u010dito odbijen i preventivno opozvan od strane doti\u010dne osobe.<\/p>\n<h2 data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\" id=\"page-haftet-die-betroffene-person-selbst\">Je li se osoba koja je pogo\u0111ena sama odgovorna?<\/h2>\n<p>Neprimjerenost ne proizlazi automatski samo zato \u0161to je pametni telefon ukraden. U slu\u010daju lagane maloljetni\u010dke nepa\u017enje u pogledu du\u017enosti skrbi mo\u017ee se primijeniti naknada od do 50,00 EUR.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ire odgovornost u principu zahtijeva da je doti\u010dna osoba po\u010dinila djelomi\u010dno ili potpuno nepa\u017eljivo pona\u0161anje. Postoji li to, ovisi uvelike o okolnostima: jesu li pristupni podaci bili otvoreno dostupni? Jesu li upozorenja za oprez ignorirana? Je li kra\u0111a prijavljena unato\u010d informiranosti? Ili je ure\u0111aj bio za\u0161ti\u0107en kodom i biometrijskim blokadama i je li gubitak odmah prijavljen?<\/p>\n<p>Posebno u posljednjem slu\u010daju puno govori u prilog tome da je doti\u010dna osoba ispunila svoje osnovne obveze za\u0161tite i prijavljivanja. \u0160to bi svakako trebali u\u010diniti doti\u010dni:<\/p>\n<ul data-spread=\"true\">\n<li><strong>Obavijestite banku u potpunosti:<\/strong> Tra\u017eite blokadu ra\u010duna, kartica, bankarske aplikacije, digitalnih nov\u010danika i svih povezanih platnih instrumenata.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Sigurnosna poruka koja svjedo\u010di o \u010dinjenici:<\/strong> Zabilje\u017eite datum, vrijeme, osobu koja je odgovorna i sadr\u017eaj razgovora. Dodatno potvr\u0111ujte blokadu pisanim putem.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Kontrolirati se redovito:<\/strong> Provjerite ne samo pla\u0107anja, nego i novo otvorenih kredita, rate, kartice i druge bankarske proizvode.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Reklamirati svaki pojedina\u010dni postupak:<\/strong> Izri\u010dito odbijajte neovla\u0161tene pla\u0107anja i ugovore i zatra\u017eite povrat novca.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Obrazac policijskog prijave:<\/strong> Ovo slu\u017ei za dokumentiranje i obja\u0161njavanje situacije.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"page-fazit-bei-massiven-auffalligkeiten-darf-die-bank-nicht-wegsehen\">Zaklju\u010dak: Banka ne smije ignorirati ozbiljne probleme<\/h2>\n<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Ukraden mobitel ne zna\u010di da su stranke obvezne automatski snositi sve daljnje \u0161tete. Prema zakonu ZaDiG iz 2018., banka u principu nije du\u017ena nadoknaditi ovla\u0161tene pla\u0107anja. Osim toga, mo\u017ee biti odgovorna ako svoj kontrolni sustav ne prepoznaje znatne nepravilnosti ili ako, unato\u010d obavijesti o gubitku ili blokiranju ra\u010duna, dopu\u0161ta daljnje pla\u0107anja.<\/p>\n<p>Posebno kod velikih iznosa, velikog broja transakcija u kratkom vremenu, neobi\u010dnih inozemnih pla\u0107anja i istovremeno otvorenih financijskih proizvoda, valja provjeriti je li banka dostigla svoju obvezu osiguravanja i nadzora. Stoga bi zainteresirane osobe trebale provjeriti svoja prava na povrat novca, naknadu \u0161tete i, prema potrebi, utvr\u0111ivanje neva\u017ee\u0107osti ugovora.<\/p>\n<p>Za personaliziranu konzultaciju, molimo kontaktirajte <a href=\"https:\/\/atb.law\/hr\/anela-bloech\/\">Anela Bl\u00f6ch<\/a> i njezin tim na sljede\u0107i telefonski broj <a href=\"tel:+4313912345\">01 3912345<\/a> ili putem e-po\u0161te <a href=\"mailto:office@atb.law\">bloech@atb.law<\/a> Rado \u0107u pomo\u0107i.<\/p>\n\n\n<!-- meetergo widget start -->\n<div style=\"min-width:330px\" class=\"meetergo-iframe\" data-src=\"https:\/\/cal.meetergo.com\/bloech\/15-min-termin-bloech\"><\/div>\n<script defer src=\"https:\/\/cdn.meetergo.com\/v4\/integration.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- meetergo widget end -->","protected":false},"template":"","categories":[39],"class_list":["post-9350","blog-post","type-blog-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anlegerrecht"],"acf":[],"post-kategorie":"39","_post-kategorie":"field_66d947537140a","post-kurzbeschreibung":"Nach einem Handy-Diebstahl wurden unautorisierte Zahlungen und Kredite \u00fcber ein Online-Bankkonto ausgel\u00f6st. Welche Pflichten treffen Banken nach dem ZaDiG 2018 und was sollten Betroffene sofort tun?","_post-kurzbeschreibung":"field_66d949fe1efe2","post-beitragsbild":"8649","_post-beitragsbild":"field_66d94a4a1efe3","post-author_post-author-name":"Anela Bl\u00f6ch","_post-author_post-author-name":"field_66d94a801efe5","post-author_post-author-foto":"7314","_post-author_post-author-foto":"field_66d94aa11efe6","post-author":"","_post-author":"field_66d94ee2827ca","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Handy gestohlen, Konto geleert: Wann haftet die Bank?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nach einem Handy-Diebstahl wurden unautorisierte Zahlungen und Kredite \u00fcber ein Online-Bankkonto ausgel\u00f6st. 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